ADHD medication, explained without the jargon
This page is for understanding only — not a prescription. Talk to your specialist or GP about what's right for you. UK ADHD medications fall into two broad camps: stimulants and non-stimulants.
Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta, Equasym, Medikinet)
First-line stimulant for adults and children. Works in 30–60 minutes, lasts 4–12 hours depending on formulation. The most common 'starter' medication in UK guidance (NICE NG87).
Lisdexamfetamine (Elvanse / Vyvanse)
Long-acting amphetamine prodrug. Activated by the body, so abuse potential is lower than instant-release amphetamines. 10–14 hour duration. Many adults prefer it for smoother coverage.
Dexamfetamine (Amfexa, Dexedrine)
Short-acting amphetamine, 3–5 hours. Used when finer dose control is needed, often layered with a long-acting baseline.
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Non-stimulant SNRI. Takes 4–6 weeks to reach full effect. Useful if stimulants don't work or aren't tolerated, or if there's a history of substance misuse.
Guanfacine (Intuniv)
Non-stimulant. Particularly helpful for emotional regulation and rejection sensitivity. Can be used alongside a stimulant.
Common side effects
Appetite suppression, sleep disturbance, mild headaches, increased heart rate, dry mouth. Most settle in 2–4 weeks. Persistent appetite loss or sleep issues warrant a dose review, not stopping abruptly.
What to expect in the first 3 months
Honest titration. Most people start low and step up every 1–2 weeks until they find the dose where focus is good and side effects are tolerable. Keep a simple daily log — your prescriber will use it.
When stimulants are not suitable
Uncontrolled hypertension, certain cardiac conditions, current substance misuse, and pregnancy require a different conversation. Non-stimulants are the usual fallback.